Split the current pane with a horizontal line to create a vertical layout

panes

// what it does

split-window -v stacks a new pane below the current one (a top/bottom split), matching the Ctrl+b " binding. -v is actually the default orientation, so plain split-window does the same thing. Focus moves to the new lower pane.

// shortcut

Ctrl + b"

// tmux command

: split-window -v

// gotcha

Same directory caveat as -h: the new pane opens in tmux's start directory unless you pass -c "#{pane_current_path}". And -v (stacked) is the opposite of what "vertical layout" suggests to many users.